ABSTRACT
Background: Dyslipidemia is defined as the high-density lipoprotein and apolipoprotein A (apo A) levels <10th percentile and/or total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), apolipoprotein B, or Lipoprotein (a) levels more than the 90th percentile. Aim and Objectives: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the fixed-dose combination of Atorvastatin and Ezetimibe with Atorvastatin monotherapy among patients with dyslipidemia. Materials and Methods: The present study was a randomized, double-blinded, prospective, and parallel-group study. Ninety-two outpatients of age in between 18 and 70 years from the Department of General Medicine who attended the hospital for the treatment of dyslipidemia were selected as study participants. Among 92 patients, 12 patients did not meet the study criteria. The remaining 80 patients were divided into two treatment groups at random and under double-blind conditions (39 in Group A and 41 in Group B). Each patient in both groups was followed for a period of 4 weeks after initiation of therapy. Total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels were recorded at day 1, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks of therapy. Results: In this study, by the end of the study period (4 weeks), tablet Atorvastatin + tablet Ezetimibe combination therapy showed statistical significance difference in reducing mean total cholesterol and mean serum LDL levels in dyslipidemia cases than the group receiving Atorvastatin monotherapy. Conclusion: Atorvastatin in combination with Ezetimibe was more efficacious than Atorvastatin monotherapy in reducing total blood cholesterol and serum LDL levels. Atorvastatin plus Ezetimibe is equally safer as Atorvastatin monotherapy and well tolerated with fewer adverse effects.
ABSTRACT
Background: Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB) is a type of tuberculosis (TB) characterized by resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, along with resistance to one of the fluoroquinolones and at least one of the second line injectable drugs. Bedaquiline is a diarylquinoline antimycobacterial agent approved for the treatment of adults with pulmonary multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) and XDR-TB by the food and drug administration. Aim and Objective: The aim of this study was to study the side effect profile of bedaquiline containing regimen among XDR TB patients. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at outpatient and wards of nodal drug-resistant TB Center, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, SVRRGGH, Tirupati, for a period of 1 year. Forty patients of more than 18 years age and diagnosed with XDR TB were included in the study. Bedaquiline was started and daily monitoring was done with ECG and all organ function tests were repeated every 15 days. Results: All 40 cases were retreatment cases; no new XDR TB case was reported in study period. Most common age group of presentation in our study was 46 to 55 years (32.5%). Gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions were found to be more common (37.5%), cardiovascular QTc changes were observed in 10% of patients, 5% of patients had neurological reactions (Headache), 2.5% of patients had peripheral neuropathy, and 2.5% of patients had arthralgia. Conclusions: Bedaquiline containing regimen is very effective for the treatment of XDR TB cases. The study shows that compliance with this regimen is very good. Bedaquiline has minimal adverse reactions and even these are easily manageable. Bedaquiline has good safety profile and patients have improved quality of life.
ABSTRACT
Background: Mental health of a medical student remains affected throughout training due to long study and working hours, extensive course content, examinations, peer competition, uninspiring environments, sleep deprivation. Objectives of this study were to estimate the proportion of Depression, Anxiety and Stress among Women medical undergraduate students and to determine the association between the Depression, Anxiety, Stress and Socio demographic factors among Women medical undergraduate students. Materials and methods: This were a cross sectional Study conducted among First, second, third and fourth year MBBS students of SVIMS - Sri Padmavathi Medical College for Women, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh. Medical students who were present and willing to participate voluntarily on the day of data collection were included. Sample size calculated was 375. Information collected was socio-demographic details and Depression Anxiety Stress scale [DASS 42] was used to assess depression, anxiety and stress levels. Results: The present study assessed Depression, Anxiety and Stress among 588 medical undergraduates, by DASS 42 scale which revealed prevalence of depression was 34.7%, anxiety 44% and stress 30.3% and their significance association with year of study, not satisfied/partially satisfied with own education, less consump-tion water, less sleeping hours and hours of usage of gadgets. Conclusion: The present study found that prevalence of depression 34.7%, anxiety 44% and stress 30.3% among medical undergraduates. Medical students under strain are either unaware of their situation or reluc-tant to seek help.
ABSTRACT
Background: Diabetes is accompanied by a distinct decreased in subject抯 quality of life (QOL) and it shows to elevated disability-adjusted life years than most diseases. Depression shows the degrade QOL and is associated with wretched treatment outcomes and lesser the glycaemic control in diabetes. Objective of this study is to study the association between Quality of Life (QoL) and depression among type2 diabetes mellitus in Andhra Pradesh. Methodology: The present study is a case control study. There were 300 participants including 150 type2 diabetes mellitus patients, & 150 healthy individuals (age and gender matched) were also selected as a control to meet the purpose of the study. Subjects age range was set between 35-65 years. Beck depression inventory (BDI-II) and WHO quality of life scale (QOL BREF) were used for data collection, SPSS-26(v). Results: The study findings showed that significant but negative relation between depression scores and quality of life. 65% have Poor Quality of life & 57% have high depression in Diabetes Patients. 54% have good Quality of life & 78% have Mild Depression in Healthy Individuals. Conclusion: It is concluded that association between depression and sub-scales of quality of life indicating that high depression scores may lead to lower physical and psychological health impacting social relationship and environmental health.